Research & Publications Archive

Schiff, D. M., Wheeler, A., Lewis, D., Terplan, M., Greenfield, S. F., Gray, J. R., Krans, E. E., Smid, M. C., Kropp, F., & Winhusen, J. T. (2026).

Davida Schiff; Jessica Gray; Marcela Smid

Research Summary A secondary analysis of baseline data from a medication-treatment trial examined pregnancy intention and postpartum contraceptive preferences among 155 pregnant participants with opioid use disorder. Most reported no contraception before pregnancy. Twenty-eight percent described the pregnancy as intended, 27% as mistimed, 15% as unwanted, and 30% as ambivalent. Contraceptive preferences varied, including greater…

Dorfman, S., Sommer, A. R., Caiazzo, A. J., Ngassa, Y., Gray, J. R., & Schiff, D. M. (2026).

Jessica Gray; Davida Schiff

Research Summary Researchers conducted five focus groups with 26 birth, kinship, and foster parents and professionals affected by child removal related to parental substance use. Participants described inadequate support during custody transitions, limited transparency that increased mistrust, and opportunities to improve assistance for families. The authors recommend trauma-informed, coordinated support for children, caregivers, and providers.…

Wheeler, A., Major, E., Vazquez, J., Goullaud, L., Kropp, F., Greenfield, S. F., Humiston, G., Smid, M. C., Hoeppner, B. B., Winhusen, J. T., & Schiff, D. M. (2026).

Marcela Smid; Davida Schiff

Research Summary This qualitative analysis examined experiences of 17 pregnant or postpartum trial participants of color and 32 staff members from a multicenter buprenorphine trial. Although some participants anticipated discrimination or research exploitation, interviewees described nonjudgmental trial care, trust, compassionate communication, and flexible, integrated support as important for engagement. The findings suggest ways to improve…

Terplan, M., Lyerly, A. D., & Jones, H. (2026).

Hendree Jones

Research Summary This editorial discusses a randomized trial comparing weekly extended-release with sublingual buprenorphine among 140 pregnant patients with opioid use disorder. It highlights favorable treatment engagement and infant outcomes in both groups and argues that pregnant and postpartum patients should be included in rigorous medication research rather than excluded because of pregnancy. The article…

Winhusen, T. J., Lofwall, M. R., Kropp, F., Lewis, D., Smid, M. C., Young, J. L., Hodgkins, C., Krans, E. E., Hansen, Z., Wachman, E. M., Schiff, D. M., Guille, C., Rudolf, V., Chowdhury, T., Leeman, L., Lewis, M., Matthews, A. G., Cochran, G., King, J., Wilder, C., & Rosa, C. (2026).

Marcela Smid; Davida Schiff; Vania Rudolf

Research Summary In a randomized clinical trial involving 140 pregnant adults with opioid use disorder, weekly injectable extended-release buprenorphine was compared with sublingual buprenorphine through pregnancy and 12 months postpartum. The extended-release group had statistically higher illicit-opioid abstinence, while neonatal opioid withdrawal outcomes did not differ significantly. Medication-related maternal adverse events were reported more often…

Liu, G., Calihan, J. B., Raftery, K., Goullaud, L., Wheeler, A., Walt, G., Gray, J. R., Chaiyachati, B. H., & Schiff, D. M. (2026).

Jessica Gray; Davida Schiff

Research Summary In five focus groups with 23 mothers who had substance use disorders, researchers explored views on child well-being, parenting, and interactions with child protective services. Participants recognized that substance use could affect supervision and emotional support, described efforts to protect their children, and requested more nuanced assessments than simply labeling homes safe or…

Schrote, K., Board, A., Thomas, S. A., Cote, P.-O., Miele, K., Terplan, M., Seligman, N. S., Sanjuan, P. M., Smid, M. C., Elansary, M., Rood, K., Davidson, A., Kendle, A., & Kim, S. Y. (2026).

Marcela Smid

Research Summary Researchers analyzed MAT-LINK data from seven clinical sites covering pregnancies among women with opioid use disorder from 2014 through August 2021. Only 3.1% had a documented naloxone prescription during pregnancy or the first postpartum year, although naloxone supplied without a prescription was not systematically captured. Among patients with opioid-involved overdose events, 23.4% had…

Liu, G., Calihan, J. B., Raftery, K., Goullaud, L., Wheeler, A., Walt, G., Gray, J. R., Chaiyachati, B. H., & Schiff, D. M. (2026).

Jessica Gray; Davida Schiff

Research Summary In five focus groups involving 23 mothers with substance use disorder, researchers explored views on child well-being, parenting, harm reduction, and child protective services. Mothers acknowledged that substance use could affect supervision and emotional support, described efforts to reduce harm, and reported limited knowledge of naloxone for accidental ingestion by children. Participants also…

Friedrich, S., Huybrechts, K. F., Straub, L., Hernandez-Diaz, S., Zhu, Y., Hahn, G., Mogun, H., Jones, H. E., Connery, H. S., Davis, J. M., Gray, K. J., et al. (2026).

Hendree Jones

Research Summary Using nationwide US Medicaid data, researchers compared long-term neurodevelopmental outcomes among 12,635 children exposed prenatally to buprenorphine and 5,390 exposed to methadone. By age eight, the unadjusted cumulative incidence of any assessed neurodevelopmental disorder was approximately 34% and 33%, respectively. After adjustment for measured differences, buprenorphine exposure was associated with a slightly lower…

Choi, S., Knopf, E., Shim, K., Sanico, M., Hade, E. M., Terplan, M., Schiff, D., Habersham, L., Berry, C. A., Neighbors, C. J., & McNeely, J. (2026).

Davida Schiff

Research Summary This systematic review examined 16 US studies of racial differences in drug toxicology testing during pregnancy and infancy; six studies contributed to a meta-analysis. Black women and infants were substantially more likely to undergo testing than White counterparts, with a pooled rate ratio of 2.58. Evidence about subsequent child protective services involvement was…

Johnson, E. P., Smid, M. C., Cohen, S. R., Watt, M. H., Debbink, M. P., Gordon, A. J., Smith, J. D., Turok, D. K., Charles, J. E., Parker, E., Greene, T. H., & Metz, T. D. (2026).

Marcela Smid

Research Summary This article describes the design of the ELEVATE Maternal Health Center of Excellence in Utah, an interdisciplinary initiative intended to reduce maternal illness and death associated with substance use disorders. Its work focuses particularly on rural communities and American Indian and Alaska Native patients. Two major projects are planned: culturally adapted, integrated perinatal…

Schwartz, L. N., Caiazzo, A. J., Watson, E., Reddy, J., Armstrong, A., Schmidt, C. N., Sarathy, L., Chaiyachati, B. H., Bernstein, S. N., Terplan, M., & Schiff, D. M. (2026).

Davida Schiff

Research Summary This cross-sectional national survey examined substance use screening, perinatal toxicology testing, and informed consent practices at U.S. birthing hospitals. Researchers collected 217 eligible hospital responses from 43 states between July 2023 and June 2024 and assessed whether hospital and state characteristics were associated with testing policies. Most hospitals reported screening for substance use…

Liu, G., Wright, B. J., Schwartz, L. N., Yeo, E. J., Bernstein, S. N., Ostfeld-Johns, S., & Schiff, D. M. (2025).

Sharon Ostfeld-Johns; Davida Schiff

Research Summary Researchers interviewed 15 newborn clinicians and 15 parents who had experienced perinatal toxicology testing. Four themes emerged: parents often lacked clear information about testing; clinicians worried that discussing testing and possible child protective services involvement could damage trust; both groups wanted greater transparency; and participants suggested structured consent discussions and better prenatal-to-delivery coordination.…

Xu, K. Y., Bello, J. K., Buss, J., Jones, H. E., Bierut, L. J., Stwalley, D., Szlyk, H. S., Martin, C. E., Kelly, J. C., Carter, E. B., Krans, E. E., & Grucza, R. A. (2025).

Hendree Jones; Caitlin Martin

Research Summary This multistate Medicaid claims study evaluated postpartum contraception among 11,118 people with opioid use disorder, comparing those who initiated buprenorphine during pregnancy with those receiving psychosocial services without medication. By 90 days postpartum, 22.4% had a prescription for effective or highly effective contraception. Buprenorphine initiation was associated with modestly higher adjusted use of…

Caldwell, A., Donald, C., Simcoe, G., Thumma, L., Green, A. R., Patev, A. J., Hood, K. B., Marcus, M. M., & Martin, C. E. (2025).

Caitlin Martin

Research Summary This development study describes an interactive, technology-based training program designed to reduce substance use disorder stigma among medical students. Developed with students, clinicians, and addiction experts, it includes four online modules addressing the biopsychosocial understanding of substance use disorder, stigma, patient perspectives, and practical skills. The authors planned later feasibility and effectiveness studies;…

Martin, C. E., Bello, J. K., Galati, B. M., Buss, J. L., Terplan, M., Jones, H. E., Mitchell, K. T., Martins, S. S., Grucza, R. A., Suarez, E. A., & Xu, K. Y. (2025).

Caitlin Martin; Hendree Jones

Research Summary A multistate insurance claims study compared 2,080 pregnant people receiving alcohol use disorder treatment before conception with 7,564 matched nonpregnant peers. Among pregnant patients, medication treatment fell from 12.1% before conception to 0.3% in the third trimester, and only 1.9% received it postpartum. Pregnant patients had more than twice the adjusted hazard of…

Nacev, E. C., Prewitt, K. C., Yang, W.-T., Sokolski, E., Winer, J. M., & Rudolf, V. (2025).

Vania Rudolf

Research Summary This retrospective study examined a rapid, split-dose methadone initiation protocol for hospitalized pregnant patients with opioid use disorder. Fourteen patients received the protocol. Methadone doses increased over the first five days, with no serious adverse events reported; one patient's titration was slowed because of asymptomatic bradycardia. After discharge, 12 of the 14 patients…

O'Conor, C., Farhi, S., Cowan, E., & Fitzgerald, R. (2025).

Rucchi Fitzgerald

Research Summary This retrospective case series evaluated whether long-acting injectable buprenorphine could be started during hospitalization with a shorter-than-standard period of sublingual or intravenous buprenorphine treatment. Researchers reviewed records for 46 patients treated at a safety-net community hospital, including initiation methods, withdrawal events and outpatient follow-up. Forty of the 46 patients (87%) received the injection…

Jawish, R., Shangraw, K., Charles, J. E., Eddington, B., Worden, J., Tak, C., Mickey, B. J., Gordon, A. J., & Smid, M. C. (2025).

Marcela Smid

Research Summary An anonymous survey at an integrated perinatal addiction clinic examined whether pregnant and postpartum patients with substance use disorder would consider participating in a clinical trial of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS). Of 126 respondents, 61 (48.4%) expressed moderate or strong interest. Participants already receiving substance use treatment had higher adjusted odds of interest…

Chaudhury, N. H., Zhao, S., & Ostfeld-Johns, S. (2025).

Sharon Ostfeld-Johns

Research Summary This commentary discusses why the Eat, Sleep, Console (ESC) approach for neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome has not been adopted consistently despite evidence that it can reduce hospital stays and medication use. The authors highlight staff education, supportive relationships, and family participation as important implementation factors, while identifying limited space, staffing, caregiver time, language…

Ramage, M., Bishop, B., Mangano, V., & Mankabady, B. (2025).

Mel Ramage

Research Summary This report examines monthly extended-release buprenorphine injections (SUBLOCADE) during pregnancy using four clinical cases, 322 postmarketing pregnancy exposure reports, and a review of published literature. All four infants in the case series were born at term, had normal birthweights, and did not require medication for neonatal opioid withdrawal. Birth outcomes were known for…

Thomas, S. A., Board, A., Pabst, L., Dorsey, A., Terplan, M., Kariisa, M., Chen, M., Deputy, N. P., Wachman, E. M., Wright, T., Shakib, J. H., Benninger, K. L., Seligman, N. S., O’Connor, T. G., Sanjuan, P. M., Chaphalkar, C., Ko, H., Smid, M. C., Rood, K. M., Henninger, M. L., Davidson, A., & Kim, S. Y. (2025).

Tricia Wright; Marcela Smid

Research Summary This multicenter MAT-LINK analysis examined how different case definitions identify neonatal abstinence syndrome or neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome among infants born to patients with opioid use disorder. Estimated prevalence varied markedly by definition, from 47.2% using diagnosis codes to 85.9% using a standardized surveillance definition. Diagnostic codes alone missed infants identified through clinical…

Ostfeld-Johns, S., Aragona, E., Carey, G. B., Hart, L., & Loyal, J. (2025).

Sharon Ostfeld-Johns

Research Summary A quality-improvement initiative at Yale New Haven Children's Hospital introduced a clinical protocol to reduce newborn toxicology tests that were unlikely to change care. Before implementation, Black newborns and newborns covered by Medicaid were tested more often than the hospital's newborn population overall. Testing rates fell markedly during protocol development and remained low…

Knittel, A. K., Black, K., Reddy, J., Bazemore, K., Kerr, J., Jackson, J., & Martin, C. E. (2025).

Caitlin Martin

Research Summary Researchers conducted 12 interviews with pregnant or postpartum people with opioid use disorder who experienced incarceration during pregnancy. Participants described how readiness for treatment, availability of medications, and stigma affected engagement and initiation of care. They identified care navigation, gender-responsive services, and mental health support as important for maintaining treatment after release, while…

Xu, K. Y., Jones, H. E., Martin, C. E., Smid, M. C., Tiako, M. J. N., Terplan, M., & Krans, E. E. (2025).

Hendree Jones; Caitlin Martin

Research Summary An analysis of 788 oral presentation sessions at five major addiction science conferences held from 2021 through 2023 found that only 76 sessions (9.6%) included perinatal substance use content, and 39 (4.9%) focused primarily on the perinatal period. Presentations emphasized long-term infant neurodevelopmental outcomes, while overdose and postpartum substance use received relatively little…

Winhusen, T. J., Kropp, F., Smid, M. C., Young, J. L., Davies, T. H., Lewis, D., Rosa, C., Dilawar, M., Krans, E. E., Hodgkins, C., Cochran, G., & Lofwall, M. R. (2025).

Marcela Smid

Research Summary In a six-site randomized pilot trial, 131 pregnant or postpartum participants receiving methadone or buprenorphine were assigned either a brief, computer-assisted education program tailored to their knowledge gaps or standard educational handouts. At three weeks, participants receiving the tailored intervention showed significantly greater improvement in knowledge about medications for opioid use disorder and…

Ostfeld-Johns, S. (2025).

Sharon Ostfeld-Johns

Research Summary This clinical review examines how prenatal substance-use screening and biochemical toxicology testing during pregnancy and after birth can influence care for families affected by neonatal abstinence syndrome. The author distinguishes supportive screening that encourages engagement and planning for newborn care from testing practices that may increase stigma, discourage disclosure, or disrupt relationships with…

Khan, N. Z., Hand, D. J., Qian, E., Conklin, J. L., Johnson, E., McCarthy, J. J., Ramage, M., Rudolf, V., Schauberger, C., Stoller, K. B., Terplan, M., & Jones, H. E. (2025).

Mel Ramage; Vania Rudolf; Hendree Jones

Research Summary This systematic review evaluated eight studies of methadone split-dosing during pregnancy, in which a daily dose is divided into two or more administrations rather than given once daily. The authors found that pregnancy-related changes in methadone metabolism can lower blood concentrations and require adjustments to maintain treatment. Across the included studies, split-dosing was…

Friedman, S. R., Hughes, P. M., Blake, E., Tak, C., Ostrach, B., & Ramage, M. (2025).

Mel Ramage

Research Summary This exploratory mixed-methods study examined language used in 161 clinical notes selected from a random sample of 300 notes at a perinatal substance use disorder clinic. Researchers identified stigmatizing terminology alongside both patient-centered and non-patient-centered wording. Language patterns varied with several patient and care characteristics, including age, prior cesarean delivery, prenatal care quality,…

Duggal, R., Allshouse, A. A., Small, M., & Smid, M. C. (2025).

Marcela Smid

Research Summary Using National Vital Statistics System data, researchers compared pregnancy-associated deaths from natural causes in which substance use disorder was recorded as a contributing factor with deaths in which it was not. Deaths involving substance use disorder were less likely to occur during the postpartum period and more likely to be attributed to sepsis.…

Board, A., Vivolo-Kantor, A., Kim, S. Y., Tran, E. L., Thomas, S. A., Terplan, M., Smid, M. C., Sanjuan, P. M., Wright, T., Davidson, A., Wachman, E. M., Rood, K. M., Morse, D., Chu, E., & Miele, K. (2025).

Dr. Marcela Smid

Research Summary This study compared overdose diagnosis codes with reviewed medical records across 3,911 pregnancies involving medication treatment for opioid use disorder. ICD codes had low sensitivity for overdose events during pregnancy (32.7%) and postpartum (30.9%), despite high specificity. The authors conclude that diagnosis codes alone can misclassify overdoses and recommend additional clinical data for…

Devlin, P. M., Riggs, Z., Charron, E., Yakub, S., Sward, K. A., Shakib, J., Sivaloganathan, V., & Smid, M. C. (2025).

Marcela Smid

Research Summary This retrospective study reviewed medical records for 305 pregnancies associated with alcohol-related diagnostic codes at a medical center between 2014 and 2023. It assessed how reliably ICD-9 and ICD-10 codes identified any alcohol use and repeated or harm-associated alcohol use during pregnancy. Positive predictive values differed substantially across code groups. For any alcohol…

Sieger, M. L., Morin, J. C., Budris, L. M., Sienna, M., Ostfeld-Johns, S., Hart, L., & Morosky, C. (2024).

Shareon Ostfeld-Johns

Research Summary This study compared Connecticut's deidentified newborn substance-exposure notifications under the Child Abuse Prevention and Treatment Act (CAPTA) with mothers' self-reported substance use during the same March–December 2019 period. Self-reports identified approximately three times as much alcohol or drug use during pregnancy as the notification system. Among mothers reporting third-trimester drug use, notification rates…

Schiff, D. M., Chaiyachati, B. H., & Parker, M. G. (2024).

Davida Schiff

Research Summary This commentary examines factors contributing to sudden unexplained infant death among infants with prenatal substance exposure, drawing on a related study of sleep-related deaths. The authors caution that prenatal substance exposure is difficult to classify accurately and that social conditions, caregiver impairment, and sleep environments may influence observed risks. They recommend practical, nonpunitive…

Mascarenhas, M., Wachman, E. M., Chandra, I., Xue, R., Sarathy, L., & Schiff, D. M. (2024).

Davida Schiff

Research Summary This clinical review surveys recent developments in diagnosis, assessment, and treatment of neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome. It discusses standardizing diagnosis, the function-based Eat, Sleep, Console assessment approach, supportive care, and trials of pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic treatments. The authors also review factors associated with withdrawal severity and recommendations for follow-up and developmental surveillance. It…

Schiff, D. M., Walt, G., Kane, M., Maitland, M., Liu, G., Wakeman, S. E., & Gray, J. R. (2024).

Davida Schiff; Jessica Gray

Research Summary This descriptive article presents a multidisciplinary clinical framework for discussing parental substance use and child safety. Five assessment areas address child safety during use, parental use patterns, treatment engagement, willingness to increase treatment supports, and stability of the home environment. The authors illustrate how the framework may guide safety planning and referrals while…

Schiff, D. M., Nidey, N., & Tiako, M. J. N. (2024).

Davida Schiff

Research Summary This invited commentary examines racial and ethnic differences in buprenorphine and methadone dosing reported in a secondary analysis of three opioid use disorder treatment trials. The authors note lower observed doses for some Black participants compared with White participants, while emphasizing that several differences were no longer statistically significant after adjustment. They question…

Martin, C. E., Martinez Telleria, M., Hostetter, K., Thumma, L., Edwards, C., & Thakkar, B. (2024).

Caitlin Martin

Research Summary A pilot curriculum embedded in a third-year obstetrics and gynecology clerkship exposed medical students to integrated addiction and reproductive healthcare, including supervised screening, brief intervention, and referral. Of 63 students who rotated through the clinic, 57 completed the curriculum and surveys. Self-rated confidence improved significantly across substance use history-taking, motivational interviewing, evidence-based care,…

Schiff, D. M., Li, W. Z. M., Work, E. C., Goullaud, L., Vazquez, J., Paulet, T., Dorfman, S., Selk, S., Hoeppner, B. B., Wilens, T., Bernstein, J. A., & Diop, H. (2024).

Davida Schiff

Research Summary This qualitative study explored how racial and ethnic discrimination, substance-use stigma and gender bias shaped pregnancy, childbirth and postpartum care among people of color with substance use disorder in Massachusetts. Peer interviewers conducted semi-structured interviews with 23 participants, and researchers analyzed recurring themes in their experiences. Participants described heightened scrutiny and mistrust from…

Schiff, D. M., Muftu, S., MacMillan, K. D. L., Work, E. C., Hoeppner, B. B., Greenfield, S. F., Schwartz, L., Chaiyachati, B., Wilens, T. E., & Bernstein, J. A. (2024).

Davida Schiff

Research Summary Researchers interviewed 26 mothers with opioid use disorder about healthcare and early parenting, on average about ten months after delivery. Participants described feeling closely scrutinized by healthcare professionals, wanting ordinary parenting experiences, navigating their identities as mothers and people in recovery, and benefiting from clinicians and peers who offered support and advocacy. The…

Wouk, K., Caton, L., Bass, R., Ali, B., Cody, T., Jones, E. P., Caron, O., Luseno, W., & Ramage, M. (2024).

Mel Ramage

Research Summary This systematic review identified 17 US studies of patient navigation for pregnant and postpartum people who use substances. Programs operated primarily in outpatient settings, with others based in hospitals or residential care. Navigation was associated in some studies with reduced maternal substance use, greater service receipt, and improved maternal or infant health; findings…

Nguemeni Tiako, M. J., Knight, K. R., & Schiff, D. M. (2024).

Davida Schiff

Research Summary This invited commentary discusses the importance of shared decision-making when selecting medication treatment for opioid use disorder during pregnancy. Responding to a large observational study comparing congenital malformations after prenatal buprenorphine and methadone exposure, the authors emphasize that differences in particular birth outcomes should be interpreted alongside the well-established importance of continuing effective…

Iacob, E., Kausler, R., Williams, M., Simonsen, S., Smid, M., Weissinger, K., & Latendresse, G. (2024).

Marcela Smid

Research Summary This article presents the rationale and study protocol for a randomized controlled trial of a group telehealth intervention intended to reduce depressive and anxiety symptoms during pregnancy and postpartum. The authors note that perinatal depression and anxiety affect a substantial proportion of childbearing individuals and that remote services may reduce barriers to mental…

Smid, M. C., et al. (2024).

Marcela Smid

Research Summary Researchers used unannounced standardized-patient telephone calls to examine access to buprenorphine treatment for pregnant patients with opioid use disorder in three rural Utah counties. In 34 calls to 17 prenatal or primary-care clinics, staff were unfamiliar with buprenorphine in 16 calls (47%), and an appointment for opioid use disorder treatment was offered in…

Harris, M., Schiff, D. M., Saia, K., Muftu, S., Standish, K. R., Wachman, E. M., & Academy of Breastfeeding Medicine Protocol Committee. (2023).

Davida Schiff

Research Summary This revised Academy of Breastfeeding Medicine clinical protocol reviews evidence and provides guidance for breastfeeding when patients use nonprescribed substances or receive treatment for substance use disorders. It addresses opioids, stimulants, sedative-hypnotics, alcohol, nicotine, cannabis, and the limitations of toxicology testing. The protocol generally supports breastfeeding when nonprescribed substance use has stopped by…

Bass, R., Flinchum, G., Ramage, M., et al. (2023).

Mel Ramage

Research Summary This case study describes a hub-and-spoke network created to expand perinatal substance use disorder care in rural western North Carolina. An urban specialty clinic supported eight rural partner sites through training, clinical guidance, and two-way referrals. The authors examined implementation at two sites: a federally qualified health center and an obstetrics practice. Both…

Siegel, M. R., Cohen, S. J., Koenigs, K., Woods, G. T., Schwartz, L. N., Sarathy, L., Chou, J. H., Terplan, M., Wilens, T. E., Ecker, J. L., Bernstein, S. N., & Schiff, D. M. (2023).

Davida Schiff

Research Summary This retrospective review examined delivery-related toxicology testing among 2,036 mother–infant pairs in a Massachusetts healthcare system from 2016 to 2020. Unexpected positive results occurred in 80 pairs (3.9%), with the highest yield among patients with recent active substance use disorder. Unexpected results sometimes prompted child protective services referrals, but counseling and treatment referral…

Major, E., Bass, R., Harless, C., Blake, E., Koenders, S., Friedman, S., Ramage, M., Tak, C., & Ostrach, B. (2023).

Mel Ramage

Research Summary This program report describes contingency management at Project CARA, a perinatal substance exposure clinic in western North Carolina. Unlike many incentive programs focused on drug-screen results, this initiative rewarded appointment attendance. More than 160 distinct patients participated over 14 months, and preliminary observations suggested attendance was maintained or improved during COVID-19 disruptions. The…

Morrison, T. M., Standish, K. R., Wanar, A., Crowell, L., Safon, C. B., Colvin, B. N., Friedman, H., Schiff, D. M., Wachman, E. M., Colson, E. R., Drainoni, M.-L., & Parker, M. G. (2023).

Davida Schiff

Research Summary In qualitative interviews with 23 mothers with opioid use disorder and infants aged one to seven months, researchers examined decisions about infant sleep. Mothers considered infant comfort, perceived safety, and withdrawal symptoms, while residential-treatment rules, hospital modeling, and sometimes inconsistent advice also shaped choices. The authors recommend tailoring safe-sleep counseling to these experiences.…

Grande, L. A., Cundiff, D., Greenwald, M. K., Murray, M., Wright, T. E., & Martin, S. A. (2023).

Tricia Wright

Research Summary This review examines pharmacologic and clinical evidence regarding buprenorphine dose limits for opioid use disorder, including research on doses up to 32 mg daily. The authors report dose-related improvements in withdrawal control, craving, illicit opioid use, and treatment retention at higher doses and question whether concerns about diversion justify rigid low limits. They…

Sarathy, L., Chou, J. H., Lerou, P. H., Terplan, M., Mark, K., Dorfman, S., Wilens, T. E., Bernstein, S. N., & Schiff, D. M. (2023).

Davida Schiff

Research Summary A retrospective study of five Massachusetts birthing hospitals examined toxicology testing performed at delivery solely because of a history of cannabis use. Among 614 mother–infant pairs tested for that reason, eight (1.3%) had an unexpected positive result for another substance, seven (1.1%) had false-positive results, and only one test changed clinical management. The…

Tak, C., Ostrach, B., & Ramage, M. (2023).

Mel Ramage

Research Summary Researchers analyzed North Carolina Medicaid claims for 6,186 people who had a live birth and an opioid use disorder diagnosis during pregnancy. During the postpartum period, 77.4% had evidence of healthcare use and 53.6% had evidence of medication treatment for opioid use disorder. People covered through pregnancy-specific Medicaid, those identified as non-White, rural…

Martin, C. E., Britton, E., Shadowen, H., Johnson, J., Sabo, R., & Cunningham, P. (2023).

Caitlin Martin

Research Summary This population-based retrospective cohort study examined medication treatment for opioid use disorder during the first year after delivery among 1,690 Medicaid-enrolled people who received medication for opioid use disorder at delivery between July 2016 and December 2020. The researchers assessed whether prenatal treatment duration and comprehensiveness, together with a neighborhood-level Health Opportunity Index,…

Work, E. C., Muftu, S., MacMillan, K. D. L., Gray, J. R., Bell, N., Terplan, M., Jones, H. E., Reddy, J., Wilens, T. E., Greenfield, S. F., Bernstein, J., & Schiff, D. M. (2023).

Jessica Gray; Hendree Jones; Davida Schiff

Research Summary This qualitative study explored how mandatory child protective services reporting for prenatal exposure to prescribed medications for opioid use disorder affects pregnant and postpartum patients. The researchers analyzed 26 semi-structured interviews conducted as part of a broader study of medication treatment during pregnancy and after delivery, focusing on experiences with Massachusetts reporting policies.…

Parlier-Ahmad, A. B., Eglovitch, M., Martin, S., Svikis, D. S., & Martin, C. E. (2023).

Caitlin Martin

Research Summary This study describes the development of Project BETTER, a family-centered, technology-delivered intervention intended to help pregnant people receiving medications for opioid use disorder prepare for the transition to postpartum life. Patients and healthcare providers helped identify three priorities: recovery during the transition, caring for an infant experiencing opioid withdrawal, and preparing for interactions…

Xu, K. Y., Schiff, D. M., Jones, H. E., et al. (2023).

Davida Schiff; Hendree Jones

Research Summary This retrospective cohort study examined racial and ethnic differences in the use and continuation of buprenorphine and methadone among 66,550 Medicaid-enrolled women ages 18–45 with opioid use disorder across multiple U.S. states. Researchers analyzed claims from 2011–2016 and compared medication receipt and treatment discontinuation among racial and ethnic groups. Overall, 23.0% received buprenorphine…

Osei-Poku, G. K., Prentice, J. C., Peeler, M., Bernstein, S. N., Iverson, R. E., & Schiff, D. M. (2023).

Davida Schiff

Research Summary This retrospective cohort study used Massachusetts hospital discharge data from 2016 through 2020 to examine severe maternal morbidity among birthing people with and without opioid use disorder. The analysis included 324,012 childbirths and assessed whether opioid use disorder and race or ethnicity were associated with severe maternal morbidity after adjustment for patient and…

Fitzgerald, R. M. (2023).

Rucchi Fitzgerald

Research Summary This clinical commentary uses a prenatal-care case to explain how family physicians can identify and treat substance use disorders during pregnancy. It recommends universal, nonjudgmental screening, obtaining consent before toxicology testing, and using person-first language and motivational interviewing. For opioid use disorder, the author emphasizes treatment with buprenorphine or methadone rather than withdrawal…

Wanar, A., Morrison, T. M., Standish, K. R., Colson, E. R., Drainoni, M.-L., Colvin, B. N., Safon, C. B., Crowell, L., Friedman, H., & Schiff, D. M., Parker, M. G. (2023).

Davida Schiff

Research Summary This qualitative study investigated cigarette smoking decisions among mothers with opioid use disorder during pregnancy and after childbirth. Researchers conducted semi-structured interviews with 23 mothers whose infants were two to seven months old, examining barriers and motivations related to reducing or stopping cigarette use. Fifteen participants reported smoking both before and after delivery,…

Pressley Byrd, D., Galvin, S., Ramage, M., & Johnson, E. (2022).

Mel Ramage

Research Summary This practice article describes two advanced practice provider-led programs offering medication treatment for opioid use disorder alongside coordinated services for pregnant and parenting patients. It highlights the potential roles of nurse practitioners and midwives in prescribing buprenorphine, connecting patients with community resources, and supporting multidisciplinary care. The authors present these models as examples…

Ellis, L., Parlier-Ahmad, A. B., & Martin, C. E. (2022).

Caitlin Martin

Research Summary A retrospective registry study followed 42 patients who began buprenorphine during pregnancy and were receiving it at delivery in an integrated obstetric and addiction clinic. Participants used an average of six services between late pregnancy and 12 weeks postpartum; prenatal care, mental health care, and contraception services were common. At six months postpartum,…

Schiff, D. M., Stoltman, J. J. K., Nielsen, T. C., Myers, S., Nolan, M., Terplan, M., Patrick, S. W., Wilens, T. E., & Kelly, J. (2022).

Davida Schiff

Research Summary In a randomized online vignette study involving 1,227 respondents, researchers varied the language used to describe an opioid-exposed infant and the mother's type of opioid use. They found no major differences in attitudes across vignette groups, although one small difference appeared on a supportive-attitudes scale. More than 85% of respondents endorsed several statements…

Smarony, S., Parlier-Ahmad, A. B., Shadowen, H., Thakkar, B., Scheikl, M., & Martin, C. E. (2022).

Caitlin Martin

Research Summary Researchers examined changes in an integrated obstetric and addiction clinic across three phases of the COVID-19 pandemic, including adoption of hybrid virtual and in-person visits. Clinic-level visit attendance increased early in the pandemic and remained elevated later. In a 27-patient research cohort, buprenorphine continuation and visit outcomes were similar before and during the…

Martin, C. E., Thakkar, B., Cox, L., Johnson, E., Jones, H. E., & Connolly, A. M. (2022).

Caitlin Martin; Hendree Jones

Research Summary This pilot evaluation examined a three-session substance use disorder curriculum for 18 first-year obstetrics and gynecology residents. Training combined readings, instruction, and supervised clinical experiences. Residents reported significant improvements in screening, counseling, referral, and motivational interviewing skills; attending evaluations of a smaller group also improved. Four interviewees described the curriculum positively. The results…

Gray, J., et al. (2022).

Jessica Gray

Research Summary In a qualitative study involving 23 interviews with integrated programs serving families affected by opioid use disorder, researchers identified five program models and common implementation challenges. Effective two-generation care required frequent supportive contact, coordination of medical and behavioral services, and attention to both parental recovery and infant safety. Participants described reimbursement restrictions, fragmented…

Kantrowitz-Gordon, I., Price, C., Rudolf, V., Downey, G., & Castagnola, K. (2022).

Vania Rudolf

Research Summary A survey of 89 perinatal nurses at a Pacific Northwest hospital explored stigma, knowledge, comfort, and compassion when caring for mothers and infants affected by opioid use. Higher stigma scores were associated with lower compassion satisfaction, perceived knowledge, and comfort. Nurses described challenges involving trust and social support and suggested education, clinical guidance,…

Ostfeld-Johns, S., & Schiff, D. M. (2022).

Sharon Ostfeld-Johns; Davida Schiff

Research Summary This commentary examines how pediatric hospitalists can improve care for newborns exposed to substances before birth. It discusses Connecticut's approach to federal notification requirements, which separates certain notifications of prenatal substance exposure from automatic reports to child protective services. The authors highlight concerns about inconsistent reporting practices, potentially unnecessary toxicology testing, stigmatizing terminology,…

Schiff, D. M., Work, E. C., Foley, B., Applewhite, R., Diop, H., Goullaud, L., Gupta, M., Hoeppner, B. B., Peacock-Chambers, E., Vilsaint, C. L., Bernstein, J. A., & Bryant, A. S. (2022).

Davida Schiff

Research Summary This scoping review assessed how perinatal opioid use disorder research reports race and ethnicity, identifies disparities in maternal-infant healthcare and outcomes, and addresses racism as a possible explanation for inequities. The authors searched research published from 2000 through 2020 and included studies involving pregnancy through the infant's first birthday. The review included 152…

Blake, E., Major, E., Cody, T., Galvin, S., Tak, C. R., & Ramage, M. (2022).

Mel Ramage

Research Summary This brief article advocates for a single coordinated care plan for pregnant and postpartum patients affected by substance use. Its emphasis is on aligning communication and support across obstetric care, addiction treatment, pediatric services, and other involved organizations so that families do not have to navigate conflicting plans. It is a care-coordination perspective…

Martin, S., Parlier-Ahmad, A. B., Eglovitch, M., Ondersma, S., Svikis, D., & Martin, C. E. (2022).

Caitlin Martin

Research Summary This preliminary study evaluated the feasibility and acceptability of Project BETTER, a technology-delivered educational program for pregnant and postpartum people receiving medication for opioid use disorder. Participants were recruited from a perinatal addiction clinic registry and tested one of three modules addressing postpartum transition, neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome, or interactions with child welfare…

Shadowen, H., Violante, S., Gataric, A., Goulding, A. N., & Martin, C. E. (2022).

Caitlin Martin

Research Summary This retrospective study examined whether psychiatric diagnoses and treatment for psychiatric conditions were associated with continuation of buprenorphine during the first year after delivery among people with opioid use disorder. Researchers reviewed records for 138 patients receiving buprenorphine at delivery at an academic medical center between 2017 and 2020. Of the 138 patients,…

Shadowen, C., Jallo, N., Parlier-Ahmad, A. B., Brown, L., Kinser, P., Svikis, D., & Martin, C. E. (2022).

Caitlin Martin

Research Summary This mixed-methods study explored how women receiving medication for opioid use disorder defined recovery two to six months after childbirth. Eight participants recruited from an outpatient perinatal addiction clinic completed recovery measures and semi-structured interviews informed by the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration recovery framework. All eight participants described themselves as…

Schiff, D. M., Work, E. C., Muftu, S., Partridge, S., MacMillan, K. D. L., Gray, J. R., Hoeppner, B. B., Kelly, J. F., Greenfield, S. F., Jones, H. E., Wilens, T. E., Terplan, M., & Bernstein, J. (2022).

Davida Schiff; Jessica Gray; Hendree Jones

Research Summary This qualitative study explored how pregnancy and parenting affect decisions about medications for opioid use disorder. Researchers conducted semi-structured interviews with 26 women who had previously used medication treatment, on average 10.1 months after delivery, and analyzed their accounts of treatment barriers and supports. Four themes emerged: limited autonomy in medication decisions; reluctance…

Gray, J. R., et al. (2021).

Jessica Gray

Research Summary This retrospective cohort study examined 545 deliveries among 503 patients receiving methadone or buprenorphine for opioid use disorder from 2006 to 2015. Researchers assessed how well urine toxicology tests during different prenatal periods predicted nonprescribed substance use after delivery. Prenatal tests had low sensitivity and limited positive predictive value; testing at delivery was…

Martin, C. E., & Parlier-Ahmad, A. B. (2021).

Caitlin Martin

Research Summary This review examines why the first year after childbirth is a critical period for substance use disorder treatment. The authors describe elevated overdose risks, competing caregiving demands, and gaps in continuous addiction care after pregnancy. They advocate moving beyond isolated treatment services toward flexible, individualized postpartum care integrated with obstetric, behavioral health, and…

Smid, M. C., et al. (2021).

Marcela Smid

Research Summary This practice-oriented article explains the federal buprenorphine X-waiver training exemption announced in 2021 and reviews foundational prescribing issues for obstetric clinicians. It was written when eligible clinicians could seek an exemption from certain training requirements for treatment of up to 30 patients. The article offers historical context and clinical guidance, not original treatment-outcome…

McCarthy, J. J., Jones, H. E., Terplan, M., Rudolf, V., & Campopiano von Klimo, M. (2021).

Hendree Jones; Vania Rudolf

Research Summary This policy commentary argues that longstanding methadone regulations created avoidable barriers for pregnant patients, including frequent clinic visits, restrictions on take-home medication, and difficulty using divided doses when pregnancy changes methadone metabolism. The authors emphasize the burdens on rural patients and parents and concerns amplified during COVID-19. They advocate more flexible, locally accessible…

Smid, M. C., et al. (2021).

Marcela Smid

Research Summary This methods article describes an unannounced standardized-patient protocol for assessing access to opioid use disorder treatment during pregnancy in three rural counties with White and American Indian communities. Researchers developed two standardized patient profiles and six assessment domains covering staff knowledge, access to prenatal and buprenorphine care, clinical screening, individual circumstances, respectful communication,…

Schiff, D. M., Halvorson, A. E., Dupont, W., et al. (2021).

Davida Schiff

Research Summary A randomized vignette survey of 1,100 Tennessee parents examined whether stigmatizing language about opioid-exposed mothers and infants changed support for punitive responses. Overall, 30.6% favored arresting the mother and 68.6% favored removing infant custody. The language variations did not produce a statistically significant difference in punitive attitudes. The findings suggest that changing terminology…

Ramage, M., Tak, C., Goodman, D., Johnson, E., Barber, C., & Jones, H. E. (2021).

Mel Ramage; Hendree Jones

Research Summary This editorial examines how advanced practice registered nurses, including nurse practitioners and certified nurse-midwives, could expand access to treatment for opioid use disorder during pregnancy and postpartum. The authors describe shortages of integrated obstetric and addiction care, particularly in rural communities, and explain how professional scope-of-practice rules affect the ability of nurses to…

Taylor, J. L., Johnson, S., Cruz, R., Gray, J. R., Schiff, D., & Bagley, S. M. (2021).

Jessica Gray

Research Summary This narrative review describes how outpatient opioid use disorder programs can incorporate harm reduction alongside medication treatment. The authors argue that requiring complete abstinence from all nonprescribed substances may discourage engagement among patients who continue to face overdose, infection, and other risks. Recommended strategies include safer-use counseling, infection prevention, continuing individualized medication treatment,…

Raffi, E. R., Gray, J., Conteh, N., Kane, M., Cohen, L. S., & Schiff, D. M. (2021).

Davida Schiff

Research Summary This clinical review describes approaches to psychiatric care for pregnant and postpartum patients with substance use disorders who also experience mental health conditions. The authors identify stigma, inadequate screening and referrals, and shortages of clinicians comfortable treating pregnant patients as barriers to care. They recommend accessible psychiatric assessment, shared decision-making, nonpunitive and culturally…

Smid, M. C., et al. (2021).

Marcela Smid

Research Summary This scoping review evaluated research published from 2010 through 2020 on the relationship between substance use during pregnancy or postpartum and perinatal depression and anxiety. Fourteen studies met the inclusion criteria. The review describes a complex, potentially bidirectional relationship in which mental health symptoms and substance use can reinforce one another, while noting…

Leiner, C., Cody, T., Mullins, N., Ramage, M., & Ostrach, B. (2021).

Mel Ramage

Research Summary In a qualitative study of 27 patients receiving treatment for perinatal opioid use disorder in Southern Appalachia, 11 described fears that disclosure of substance use or participation in medication treatment could trigger Social Services involvement or loss of child custody. Researchers identified three connected themes: fears of agency involvement, preparation for delivery, and…

Shadowen, C., Moeller, F. G., & Martin, C. E. (2021).

Caitlin Martin

Research Summary This retrospective case series describes nine women with opioid use disorder who switched from sublingual buprenorphine to once-monthly extended-release injectable buprenorphine during the first year after childbirth. The researchers reviewed medical records for patients treated between January 2017 and March 2020, with an average follow-up of approximately 281 days. All nine women expressed…

Martin, C. E., Scialli, A., & Terplan, M. (2020).

Caitlin Martin

Research Summary Using data from the 2007–2014 National Survey on Drug Use and Health, researchers examined substance use disorder treatment needs among US women aged 18–44. Among women with a treatment need in the prior year, only 9.3% reported receiving treatment. Pregnant women were not more likely to receive care than women who were neither…

Smid, M. C., et al. (2020).

Marcela Smid

Research Summary This study protocol outlines a two-year initiative to improve care for pregnant and postpartum patients with opioid use disorder in two rural counties. The project combines clinician education about medications for opioid use disorder, screening and referral, and neonatal opioid withdrawal care with an evaluation of patient treatment engagement. Researchers plan to assess…

Mullins, N., Galvin, S., Ramage, M., Gannon, M., Lorenz, K., Sager, B., & Coulson, C. (2020).

Mel Ramage

Research Summary This retrospective cohort compared 108 pregnancies exposed to buprenorphine alone with 85 exposed to buprenorphine–naloxone. Neonatal abstinence syndrome requiring treatment was observed in 54.6% and 35.3% of infants, respectively. Although the unadjusted difference favored the combination product, it was not statistically significant after adjustment for clinical and treatment differences; secondary outcomes were similar.…

Martin, C. E., Shadowen, C., Thakkar, B., Oakes, T., Gal, T., & Moeller, F. G. (2020).

Caitlin Martin

Research Summary This review combines published evidence with an institutional retrospective chart review of buprenorphine dosing during pregnancy and the first postpartum year. Dose increases and divided daily dosing were common as pregnancy progressed, but individual trajectories varied substantially during pregnancy and after delivery. The authors recommend frequent reassessment and shared, individualized dose decisions rather…

Sadicario, J. S., Parlier-Ahmad, A. B., Brechbiel, J. K., Islam, L. Z., & Martin, C. E. (2020).

Caitlin Martin

Research Summary This practice report describes how psychology trainees in an integrated obstetric and addiction treatment program adapted to telepsychology during the COVID-19 pandemic. The multidisciplinary clinic used digital tools, flexible supervision, and revised workflows to maintain coordinated services for pregnant and parenting patients. The authors describe implementation barriers and lessons for trainee education and…

Price, H. R., Lai, D., Kim, H., Wright, T. E., Coughtrie, M. W. H., & Collier, A. C. (2020).

Tricia Wright

Research Summary Researchers developed a laboratory method to detect five nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in plasma and umbilical cord tissue and screened 380 cord samples. Eleven samples, approximately 3%, indicated recent NSAID exposure near delivery. No statistically significant differences in recorded maternal or neonatal outcomes were found between exposed and unexposed groups, but the exposed sample…

Smid, M. C., Schauberger, C. W., Terplan, M., & Wright, T. E. (2020).

Marcela Smid; Tricia Wright

Research Summary This commentary draws on findings from maternal mortality review committees identifying drug-related deaths as an important cause of pregnancy-associated mortality. The authors urge obstetric clinicians to screen for substance use, improve access to evidence-based addiction and mental health treatment, and address systemic barriers that limit care during pregnancy and the postpartum year. The…

Schiff, D. M., Nielsen, T., Terplan, M., Wakeman, S. E., Yule, A. M., Mehta, P. K., Taveras, E. M., & Wilens, T. E. (2020).

Davida Schiff

Research Summary This commentary calls for stronger measurement of outcomes for both mothers and infants in perinatal substance use research. Evaluating maternal and infant health together can help researchers move beyond isolated outcomes and better understand how treatment, recovery, parenting, and child well-being intersect. The article is a methodological perspective rather than a trial reporting…

Rudolf, V., Plawman, A., Brown, L., Peterson, L., & Walsh, J. (2018).

Vania Rudolf

Terplan, M., Laird, H. J., Hand, D. J., Wright, T. E., Premkumar, A., Martin, C. E., Meyer, M. C., Jones, H. E., & Krans, E. E. (2018).

Tricia Wright; Caitlin Martin; Hendree Jones

Research Summary This systematic review examined maternal and neonatal outcomes associated with opioid detoxification during pregnancy. The researchers searched five databases for studies published between 1966 and September 2016 and included 15 studies involving 1,997 participants; 1,126 underwent detoxification. The authors assessed study quality and risk of bias. The evidence was generally of fair to…

Martin, C. E., Terplan, M., O'Grady, K., & Jones, H. E. (2018).

Caitlin Martin; Hendree Jones

Research Summary This secondary analysis of the MOTHER study examined whether pregnancy intention was associated with retention in treatment for opioid use disorder among 175 pregnant participants. The 29 participants who reported an intended pregnancy remained in treatment for an average of 21.3 weeks, compared with 16.3 weeks among 146 participants with unintended pregnancies. Although…

Smid, M. C., Charles, J. E., Gordon, A. J., & Wright, T. E. (2018).

Marcela Smid; Tricia Wright

Research Summary This case report describes two pregnant patients with dependence on kratom, an herbal substance with opioid-like effects sometimes used to self-manage opioid use disorder. Both experienced symptoms consistent with opioid withdrawal and were treated with opioid replacement medication, which relieved their symptoms. The authors recommend that obstetric clinicians ask about kratom use and…

Wright, T. E. (2017).

Tricia Wright

Research Summary This clinical review describes screening, brief intervention, and referral to treatment (SBIRT) for opioid and other substance use among patients seeking infertility care. It explains that substance use may affect fertility, pregnancy, and family health, and recommends incorporating respectful screening into reproductive medicine rather than overlooking substance use until pregnancy. The author outlines…

Schiff, D. M., Zuckerman, B., Wachman, E. M., & Bair-Merritt, M. (2017).

Davida Schiff

Research Summary This cross-sectional survey assessed medical students and residents caring for infants with neonatal abstinence syndrome and their families. It evaluated knowledge, attitudes toward mothers who use drugs, and comfort discussing addiction and trauma. The final sample comprised 229 trainees, including 99 medical students and 130 residents, with a 70% response rate. More years…

Delafield, R., & Wright, T. E. (2016).

Tricia Wright

Research Summary This public health article examines substance use during pregnancy in Hawaiʻi and the challenges of providing effective, compassionate care. The authors discuss risks to pregnant patients and infants alongside stigma, fear of disclosure, and barriers to treatment. They call for greater clinical capacity, coordinated services, and approaches that support rather than punish pregnant…

Wright, T. E., Terplan, M., Ondersma, S. J., Boyce, C., Yonkers, K., Chang, G., & Creanga, A. A. (2016).

Tricia Wright

Research Summary This expert review describes screening, brief intervention, and referral to treatment (SBIRT) as an approach to identifying and responding to substance use during pregnancy. Drawing on a multidisciplinary expert meeting convened by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the authors discuss routine, validated screening, nonjudgmental brief conversations, and referral for specialized…

Wright, T. E. (2015).

Tricia Wright

Research Summary This review explains biochemical methods used to identify prenatal drug exposure in pregnant patients and newborns. It describes the strengths and limitations of different biological specimens and testing approaches, noting that self-report may be affected by stigma and fear of social or legal consequences. The authors frame biochemical testing as an adjunct to…

Wright, T. E., Schuetter, R., Tellei, J., & Sauvage, L. (2015).

Tricia Wright

Research Summary This prospective study examined pregnancy and birth outcomes among women receiving care in Hawaiʻi, comparing pregnancies with and without methamphetamine exposure while accounting for several potential confounding factors. Methamphetamine-exposed pregnancies were associated with increased risks of preterm birth and lower birth weight, highlighting the importance of prenatal care and substance use treatment. Because…

Wright, T. E., Schuetter, R., Fombonne, E., Stephenson, J., & Haning, W. F. (2012).

Tricia Wright

Research Summary This evaluation describes a harm-reduction-oriented perinatal addiction clinic established in Hawaiʻi that combined prenatal care with addiction services, transportation, childcare, social support, and family planning. During its initial operation, 213 women with histories of addiction received care, and 103 live-born infants were delivered. Among 97 women who delivered during the reporting period, 96%…